10 free, exam-style Senior Professional in Human Resources (SPHR) practice questions with answers and explanations. No signup required. Work through them below, then take the full free SPHR practice test to study every exam domain.
The SPHR exam has 140 questions and runs 2 hours 30 minutes.
When presenting a business case for a major HR investment to the CFO, which element should be emphasized FIRST?
Correct answer: C - Financial impact and ROI
CFOs evaluate every initiative through the lens of capital allocation: what return will this generate against alternative uses of the same dollars? Lead with quantified financial impact and ROI.
A training program cost $300,000 and produced $900,000 in net benefits. Using the Phillips ROI formula, the program ROI is:
Correct answer: D - 300%
Muldrow v City of St. Louis (2024) clarified that Title VII discrimination claims based on a job transfer require the plaintiff to show:
Correct answer: A - Some harm to terms or conditions of employment
Executive Order 14173 (signed January 2025):
Correct answer: B - Revoked EO 11246's affirmative action mandates for federal contractors
Revoked the long-standing EO 11246, eliminating the federal contractor obligation to maintain affirmative action programs for race and sex.
An HR director runs an analysis showing Hispanic applicants pass an initial cognitive screening at 30% while white applicants pass at 60%. Under the Uniform Guidelines, the impact ratio of 0.50 indicates adverse impact. The MOST appropriate FIRST action is to:
Correct answer: C - Audit the screening for job-relatedness and validity
The impact ratio is 30% รท 60% = 0.50, well below the 0.80 threshold under the Uniform Guidelines on Employee Selection Procedures (UGESP, 1978) - adverse impact is established.
Under the NLRB's Cemex Construction Materials Pacific decision (2023), when employees present authorization cards from a majority of the bargaining unit, the employer must either recognize the union OR file an RM petition for an election within:
Correct answer: C - 14 days
An employer is conducting a reduction in force affecting 75 employees across multiple departments. To obtain enforceable releases of ADEA claims under the Older Workers Benefit Protection Act (OWBPA), employees age 40+ must be given at least how many days to consider the agreement?
Correct answer: B - 45 days
The OWBPA distinguishes between individual separations (21 days to consider, 7 days to revoke) and group terminations (45 days to consider, 7 days to revoke).
Standard COBRA continuation coverage following a qualifying event such as voluntary termination or reduction in hours is available for up to:
Correct answer: B - 18 months
Internal Revenue Code Section 162(m) limits the corporate income tax deduction for compensation paid to covered executives at a publicly held company to:
Correct answer: B - $1 million per covered executive
Under the EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), a personal data breach affecting EU data subjects must be notified to the supervisory authority within:
Correct answer: A - 72 hours of awareness
Controllers must notify the relevant supervisory authority of a personal data breach within 72 hours of becoming aware, unless the breach is unlikely to result in risk to data subjects' rights.
The Senior Professional in Human Resources (SPHR) exam is organized into 5 knowledge domains. These free practice questions are drawn from across them so you can see where you're strong and where to study:
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